OBESITY

Obesity

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The definition of obesity is the result of excessive accumulation of body fat in a way that disrupts health.

Obesity is a metabolic disorder, that is an almost worldwide health problem. Although it is perceived only as a problem related to external appearance, the damage caused to internal organs by excessive weight is quite high. Some of the health problems caused by obesity in the human body are diabetes, high blood pressure, gallbladder diseases, some types of cancer, stroke, liver fat, breathing difficulties, mental problems, musculoskeletal system problems.

Among the most visible symptoms of obesity is excessive fat accumulation in the body. Accordingly, different symptoms begin to manifest themselves. Some of them are:

• Excessive sweating
• Excessive fatigue - Shortness of breath
• Snoring
• Feeling tired due to back and joint pain
• Psychological problems

Why Does Obesity Occur ?

Obesity, also known as «overweight» can occur for many reasons. However, we can say that irregular nutrition and inactivity are the biggest reasons. In addition, psychological events, diets that are not controlled by a doctor, drugs consumed without consulting specialist doctors, insufficient breast milk intake, alcohol and smoking habit also cause obesity.

Obesity Treatment

The first treatment approach of obesity is the diet and sports to be performed under the control of a doctor. First of all, if there is an obstacle to losing weight in relation to the patient evaluated by the doctor, patients are referred to the physician after appropriate medical treatment. The medical treatment method is mostly recommended for patients who have what we call morbid obesity. Although these patients experience a certain weight loss with diet, this rate is very low and their risk of weight gain is very high. In patients with gastric reduction surgery or one of the gastric bypass surgeries, a change in their metabolism is observed. Especially after sleeve gastrectomy, there is a very serious loss of appetite. Postoperative follow-up is very important. In order for the body to adapt to the new metabolism, you need to be under control for the first few months. In order not to return to your old diet after the surgery, you should create a suitable diet and sports program by consulting your doctor and adapt them to your life order.

What are the Applications of Obesity Surgery?

The methods to be applied in obesity surgery vary according to the person and their characteristics.

Stomach Stapling (Stomach stable)

Stomach stable Clamp is a surgical method generally used in the treatment of morbid obesity. This prosthesis, which is attached between the esophagus and the stomach, allows the person to reach the feeling of saturation more quickly. If the person tries to eat more, he/she may complain of nausea and vomiting. Stomach stable surgery takes approximately 1 hour. The incision, which does not exceed 1 cm, is opened and the surgery is performed. Since the surgical incisions are very small, the patient is healed in a short time.

Please Note: Stomach stable, also known as stomach stabling, is a method that has lost its effectiveness in recent years and is no longer used.

Sleeve Stomach Surgery (Sleeve Gastretomy)

Sleeve gastrectomy, in other words, gastric reduction surgery is a physiological method and has lower rates in terms of complications. The application time of sleeve gastrectomy is short and easier for the surgeon. 80% of the stomach is cut and removed with the closed surgery method. The part taken from the stomach is the part where the feeling of hunger is experienced and this part is taken so that your feeling of hunger disappears and your insulin resistance is broken. The success of sleeve gastrectomy is permanent and relatively easier than other surgical applications. In gastric reduction surgery, a foreign body such as a stomach stapling is not placed in your body.

Gastric Bypass

The aim of gastric bypass surgery, which has been performed for more than 20 years, is to reduce the stomach and to ensure that the food consumed reaches the intestines faster. Thus, patients are both fed with less food and some of the food they take is absorbed.

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Frequently Asked Questions

• Who can't have surgery?
  • Those with serious psychiatric illnesses.
  • Those with alcohol and substance abuse.
  • Patients who cannot make changes in their necessary lifestyles about the postoperative diet.
  • Patients who are prevented from receiving anesthesia.
• How long do obesity surgeries take?

  This period, which varies according to the person, lasts at least 45 minutes and maximum 1.5 hours. Patients can usually be discharged within 3 days after sleeve gastrectomy. Patients should be followed up in the hospital for 4-6 days after gastric bypass surgery. They can be discharged after doctor checks.

• Who can undergo bariatric surgery?

  Bariatric surgery is recommended for patients with a body mass index of 40 and abo-ve (morbidly obese) or over 35 and who cannot be weakened by medical nutrition, exercise, and medical treatment under the control of a doctor.

• How is the body mass index measured?

  The formula for body weight is (kg) / height (m) squared.
  For example: Let's imagine that the person has a length of 1.74 meters and a weight of 70 kilograms.
  1.74 x 1.74 = 3.02
  70 / 3.02 = 23.2
  In this case, the body mass index of the person is 23.2 BMI.

• Up To What Age Can Sleeve Gastrectomy Be Performed?

  Sleeve gastrectomy, that is, stomach reduction surgery, is performed on people between the ages of 18-65. In order for the person to be suitable for surgery, the body mass in-index value determined by the World Health Organization must be 35 and above.

• What is the Difference Between Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Bypass? Which is Higher?

  In gastric bypass surgery, the stomach is reduced, the intestinal arms are displaced and food intake is restricted. In sleeve gastrectomy, the part of the stomach where the fasting hormones are secreted is taken, and no changes are made in the intestines. Patients should be followed up well after both surgeries. Otherwise, weight gain could start again. There may be revision surgeries in sleeve gastrectomy, but the surgery cannot be treated again because the anatomical structure has been changed in gastric bypass surgery.

• Does obesity occur in children?

  Obesity in children is caused by eating habits being impaired rather than genetic fac-tors. In obese children, there is usually no significant underlying problem. In child-hood obesity, an imbalance occurs if the energy taken from foods is not eliminated by physical activity.

• Is Obesity Disease Genetic?

  Overweight family members are among the factors that increase the risk of children becoming obese. But the genetic structure alone cannot be held responsible. The ea-ting habits and physical activities of families are also related to weight gain.